Urban planning emerged following problems arising from the Industrial Revolution; although its origins go back much further to ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India. Initially, it focused on solving industrialization issues such as housing shortages and environmental health through physical interventions. However, since the mid-1960s, due to inefficiencies in such interventions, urban planning shifted towards economic and social issues, introducing discussions about justice, democracy, and public participation in the urban planning process. Urban planning tools include networks of thoroughfares, land use, density, boundaries, and buffers. Therefore, focusing on concentrating resources, creating opportunities for medium-sized cities, supporting small towns and rural areas, and developing regional development policies are among the other topics discussed in this field.